💡 Electric Power & Energy Cost Calculator (P = VI)

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📘 About the Electric Power & Cost

Electric power is the rate at which an appliance uses electrical energy: P = VI. This calculator works out the power from the voltage and current, then the energy used each day in kilowatt-hours and what it costs at your electricity rate.

One 'unit' on an Indian electricity bill is 1 kWh. Household supply in India is 230 V. Check your appliance's label for its current, or divide its wattage by 230 to estimate it.

🧮 Formula

Electric power
P = V × I
Energy used
E (kWh) = P (kW) × t (h)
Cost
cost = kWh × rate

Where

  • P = power (W)
  • V = voltage (V)
  • I = current (A)
  • t = time (hours)
  • 1 kWh = 1 unit = 3.6 MJ
Real bills also include fixed charges, slabs and taxes, so treat the cost as an estimate of the energy charge only.

✏️ Worked examples

Air conditioner

You enter
Voltage (V)230 V
Current (I)6.5 A
Hours used per day8 hours
Electricity rate8 ₹ per kWh (unit)
You get
Power (W)1,495
Energy per day (kWh)11.96
Energy per 30 days (kWh)358.8
Cost per day₹95.68
Cost per 30 days₹2,870.40
Resistance (Ω)35.3846

About 1,495 W; running 8 hours a day uses 358.8 kWh a month.

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Electric iron

You enter
Voltage (V)230 V
Current (I)4.35 A
Hours used per day0.5 hours
Electricity rate7 ₹ per kWh (unit)
You get
Power (W)1,000.5
Energy per day (kWh)0.50025
Energy per 30 days (kWh)15.0075
Cost per day₹3.50
Cost per 30 days₹105.05
Resistance (Ω)52.8736

About 1,000.5 W; half an hour a day uses 15.0075 units a month.

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🧭 How to use this calculator

What you enter

  • Voltage (V) (V)
  • Current (I) (A)
  • Hours used per day (hours)
  • Electricity rate (₹ per kWh (unit))

What you get

  • Power (W)
  • Energy per day (kWh)
  • Energy per 30 days (kWh)
  • Cost per day
  • Cost per 30 days
  • Resistance (Ω)

💡 How many units does an appliance use?

  • LED bulb 9 W for 6 h: 0.054 kWh a day
  • Ceiling fan 75 W for 10 h: 0.75 kWh a day
  • Refrigerator: about 1–1.5 kWh a day
  • 1.5-ton AC at 1,500 W for 8 h: about 12 kWh a day

❓ Frequently asked questions

What is the formula for electric power?

P = V × I. Equivalent forms are P = I²R and P = V²/R.

What is 1 unit of electricity?

1 kilowatt-hour (kWh): the energy used by a 1,000 W appliance running for 1 hour.

How do I calculate kWh from watts?

kWh = watts × hours ÷ 1,000. A 100 W bulb for 10 hours uses 1 kWh.

What is the voltage in Indian homes?

230 V AC at 50 Hz.