⚛️ Physics

5 sub-categories in this category.

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Solve physics problems step by step. Each calculator shows the formula it uses, explains every symbol and includes worked examples, so you can check homework, revise for exams or work out real-world numbers.

The calculators follow the formulas and sign conventions taught in CBSE/NCERT Class 9–12, IGCSE, IB and A-level physics, and use SI units throughout.

Sub-categories

Mechanics & Motion

Work, Energy & Power

Waves, Light & Optics

Heat & Thermodynamics

🚀 Mechanics & Motion

Speed, Distance & Time

Find speed, distance or time from the other two with speed = distance ÷ time. Gives speed in km/h and m/s and time in hours and minutes.

Calculate acceleration from initial velocity, final velocity and time with a = (v − u) ÷ t, plus the distance covered and the acceleration in g.

Equations of Motion

Solve the three equations of motion: v = u + at, s = ut + ½at² and v² = u² + 2as. Enter initial velocity, acceleration and time to get final velocity and displacement.

Newton's second law calculator: find force, mass or acceleration with F = ma. Also shows the force in kilogram-force.

Calculate linear momentum p = mv from mass and velocity, plus kinetic energy and the impulse needed to stop the object.

Weight on Planets

Find your weight on the Moon, Mars, Jupiter and other planets with W = mg. Shows the weight in newtons and what a bathroom scale would read.

Find how long an object takes to fall from a height and how fast it hits the ground, ignoring air resistance: t = √(2h/g) and v = √(2gh).

Projectile Motion

Find the range, maximum height and time of flight of a projectile launched from the ground at an angle, with its horizontal and vertical velocity components.

Centripetal Force

Calculate centripetal force F = mv²/r and centripetal acceleration for an object moving in a circle, plus its angular velocity and the time for one revolution.

Gravitational Force

Calculate the gravitational force between two masses with Newton's law of gravitation F = Gm₁m₂/r², and the gravitational field strength of the first mass at that distance.

Calculate pressure from force and area with P = F ÷ A. Results in pascals, kilopascals, bar, atmospheres and psi.

Find density, mass or volume with ρ = m ÷ V. Works in grams and cm³, and gives density in both g/cm³ and kg/m³.

Calculate torque, the turning effect of a force, with τ = r × F × sin θ. Enter the force, the distance from the pivot and the angle.

⚙️ Work, Energy & Power

Calculate kinetic energy with KE = ½mv² from mass and speed in m/s, km/h or mph. Results in joules and kilojoules, plus momentum.

Potential Energy

Calculate gravitational potential energy with PE = mgh from mass, height and g. Also shows the speed the object would reach if it fell that height.

Calculate the work done by a force with W = F × d × cos θ from force, displacement and the angle between them. Result in joules.

Power (P = W/t)

Calculate power from work or energy and time with P = W ÷ t. Results in watts, kilowatts and horsepower.

Calculate the efficiency of a machine or device as useful output ÷ total input × 100%. Works with energy or power, and shows the energy wasted.

Find spring force, spring constant or extension with Hooke's law F = kx, plus the elastic potential energy stored in the spring.

⚡ Electricity

Find voltage, current or resistance with Ohm's law V = IR, plus the power in watts. Enter any two values.

Electric Power & Cost

Calculate electric power P = VI in watts from voltage and current, then the energy used in kWh (units) and its cost for your daily usage and tariff.

Series & Parallel Resistors

Find the total (equivalent) resistance of up to five resistors connected in series or in parallel. Unused boxes can be left as 0.

Calculate the electrostatic force between two point charges with Coulomb's law F = kq₁q₂/r². Charges in microcoulombs; positive answers repel, negative attract.

🌈 Waves, Light & Optics

Find wave speed, frequency or wavelength with the wave equation v = fλ, plus the time period. Works for sound, water and light waves.

Calculate the energy of a photon from its wavelength or frequency with E = hf = hc/λ. Results in joules and electronvolts, plus the other of frequency or wavelength.

Find the image distance, magnification and power of a convex or concave lens with the lens formula 1/v − 1/u = 1/f, using the New Cartesian sign convention.

Find the image distance and magnification for a concave or convex mirror with the mirror formula 1/v + 1/u = 1/f, using the New Cartesian sign convention.

Refractive Index

Find the refractive index of a medium from the angles of incidence and refraction with Snell's law n = sin i ÷ sin r, and the speed of light in that medium.

🌡️ Heat & Thermodynamics

Specific Heat (Q = mcΔT)

Calculate the heat energy needed to warm or cool a substance with Q = mcΔT. Choose a material or enter your own specific heat capacity.

Latent Heat (Q = mL)

Calculate the heat needed to melt or boil a substance without changing its temperature, Q = mL. Includes ice melting and water boiling, or your own latent heat.

Thermal Expansion

Calculate how much a rod, rail or wire expands when heated with ΔL = αL₀ΔT. Choose a material or enter your own coefficient of linear expansion.